CET4中的分词表原因 -亿城英语

        非谓语动词一直是CET-4的一个重点考查项目，其中分词表原因（特别是现在分词表原因）出现频率较高。下面我们便结合历年的CET-4真题对分词表示原因进行讲解。
        一、分词逻辑主语与句子的主语一致
        分词作状语表示原因，相当于as， since，because等引导的原因状语从句。
        1．______the earth to be flat，many feared thatColumbus would falloffthe edge of the earth．
        A．Having believed B．BelievingC．Believed D．Being believed
        （96．6－22答案B）
        （＝Since many people believed that．．．）
        分词作原因状语表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语表示的动作（或状态）是同时或几乎同时发生的。现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。现在分词的否定形式为not doing。
        2．Having no money but________to know，he simply said he would go without dinner．
        A．no to want anyoneB．not wanting anyone
        C．wanted no one  D．to want no one（93．6－47答案B）
        3．Realizing thathe hadn’tenough money and_______to borrow from his father，he decided to sell his watch．
        A．not wanted B．no to wantC．not wanting D．wanting not
        （95．1－67答案C）
        4．The speaker，for her splendid speeches，was warmly received by the audience．
        A．having known B．being known
        C．knowing D．known
        （91．6答案D）
        如果分词表示的动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，就需要用分词的完成形式。现在分词完成式的否定形式为not having done。
        5．______in a seemingly endless war，the general was forced to evaluate the situationagain．
        A．Since the loss of 50，000soldiers
        B．Because of 50，000soldiers having lost
        C．Having lost over 50，000soldiers
        D．50，000soldiers werelost（93．1－59答案C）
        二、分词逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致
         分词作状语时，在少数情况下，其逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，分词用来修饰全句。这种结构只限于少数几个动词，如considering， generally speaking，judging from，talking of（谈到），putting it mildly（说得客气一点）等。其中considering可以表示原因。
        有时，分词带有自己的逻辑主语，构成独立结构，也可以表示原因。
        6．All flights_______because of the snowstorm，any passengers could do nothing but take the train．
        A．had been canceledB．have been canceled
        C．were canceledD．having been canceled
        （99．1－51答案D）
        巩固练习：
        1．_______an answer from the committee，hewas worried and decided to fly to Parishimself．
        A．Having not got B．Getting not
        C．Not having gotD．Having no been got
        2．_______，all the quarrels came to an end．
        A．The lost money was foundB．Was the lost money found
        C．Because the lost money foundD．With the lost money found
        3．______a raining day，he did notgo outfora walk as usual．
        A．It was B．WhatC．It being D．Having been
        4．The decision_______，what is to be donenow is how to carry it out．
        A．been made B．has been made
        C．having been madeD．having been making
        5．Deeply_______，I thanked her again andagain．
        A．being moved B．movedC．moving D．to be moved
        （答案：1．C2．D3．C4．C5．B）